一种基于模糊语言TOPSIS的应急决策方法

在应急决策过程中，决策信息通常具有犹豫性、模糊性和非对称性，且决策者呈现出直观、快速的语言决策偏好。提出一种基于模糊语言TOPSIS的应急决策方法，使用犹豫模糊语言术语集和二元语义表达式对高度不确定环境下的语言进行处理，提高对犹豫模糊语言信息的提取能力，生成易于理解的语言评估结果，从而辅助决策者进行快速、准确的决策判断。案例证实该方法的可行性与有效性，为解决应急决策问题提供了一种新方法。     

SPOC在线课程在大学计算机基础课程教学中的应用实践

随着网络和信息技术的发展,现如今越来越多的课程通过网络和各种网络工具进行混合式教学。大学计算机基础课程是大学生的第一门计算机公共基础课程,同时也是大学生学习后续其他课程的重要基础课。为了提高该课程的教学效果,实现人才培养目标,教学团队针对该课程教学中存在的主要问题,通过结合SPOC在线课程的混合教学模式及运用多种教学方法,将线下和线上教学相结合。实践教学表明,混合式的教学模式不仅提高了学生的学习积极性和兴趣,而且达到了较好的教学效果。     

Blended learning in higher education: professional development in a Hong Kong university

ABSTRACT

Online learning has become a ubiquitous part of the educational landscape and how teachers are supported in developing approaches to teaching online is a fundamental aspect of the students’ learning experience. Based on the implementation of a professional development course on becoming an online teacher offered in a blended learning mode at one university in Hong Kong, this article proposes that offering this type of professional development in a blended mode is very effective in facilitating enhanced usage of the university’s learning management system. In a blended mode, teachers are actively engaged with blended learning and were found to make more extensive use of features/tools in Blackboard after they attended the professional development course. Results support that offering professional development in a blended mode provides teachers with an authentic student perspective, at the same time as they take guided steps in the teacher’s role in blended learning.     

高校体育教学动态教学成效监测指标建设探究

在素质教育稳步推进和新教改不断深化的背景下,高校体育教学改革主动进行了各种尝试,但在教法改革方面依然不足,就目前高校人才培养成效看仍存在各种局限。因此,当前我国高校体育教育应注重教学方法的改革和探索,提升人才培养成效。笔者在进行长期的教学探索与反思基础上,创新性地提出了动态教学成效监测机制,并致力于动态教学成效监测指标建设,目的在于真正落实高校体育教学的宗旨和人才培养指标,实现学生体育素养、体质全面提升与体育文化素养并举的教学目的。     

中小学兼职体育教师素养发展探究

当前是我国进一步推进素质教育发展、落实立德树人教育任务、提升学生身心健康水平的关键时期。为充分整合体育人才资源,提升兼职体育教师素养水平和体育教学质量,推进新时代体育师资队伍建设,采用文献研究法、访谈法、逻辑推理等方法,界定兼职体育教师的概念,分析我国兼职体育教师的需求原因及素养提升需求;通过解构教师素养结构体系,重新构建由基础素养、职业素养、专业素养组成的教师素养"金字塔"模型;并观照此模型及兼职体育教师素养现实提出兼职体育教师素养提升策略。     

形意拳柔性思想的教学理念分析

形意拳历来以刚猛粗扩、实战性强著称,随着时代发展,形意大师布学宽提出的形意拳柔化教学思想被逐漸认同。本文从现代教育学的角度,结合形意拳自身特点及现代教育教学理论,探讨形意拳柔性思想下的教学理念,为形意拳由竞技拳转变为健身拳、文化拳的柔性思想教学提供参考和借鉴。     

Graduate teaching assistants: motives,difficulties and professional interactions and their relationship to perceived benefits

ABSTRACT

Graduate students play a major role in teaching in higher education, particularly in undergraduate programs. The purpose of the present study was two-fold: first, to identify graduate students’ motives for working as graduate teaching assistants (GTAs), describe some aspects of their work, and ascertain their perceived benefits; second, to predict GTAs’ benefits as a function of their individual background characteristics, motives, job difficulties, and richness of professional interactions with the course instructor. Data were collected from 189 GTAs who led discussion groups at a large research university in Israel by means of an internet questionnaire. Findings revealed that graduate students accepted the position of GTA mainly for extrinsic reasons, such as salary and convenience. They claimed to have faced few difficulties and that their professional interactions with the course instructors focused more on job responsibilities and less on pedagogical issues. They reported having gained a greater understanding of course content and improved teaching skills due to their experience as GTAs. Richness of contact with the course instructor, motives, difficulties, and faculty match significantly contributed to predicting perceived benefits. The implications of the results are discussed.     

A Critical Look into the Beuk Standard-Setting Method

One commonly used compromise standard-setting method is the Beuk (1984) method. A key assumption of the Beuk method is that the emphasis given to the pass rate and the percent correct ratings should be proportional to the extent that the panelists agree on their ratings. However, whether the slope of Beuk line reflects the emphasis that panelists believe should be assigned to the pass rate and the percentage correct ratings has not be fully tested. In this article, I evaluate this critical assumption of the Beuk method by asking panelists to assign importance weights to their percentage correct and pass rate judgments. I show that in several cases that the emphasis suggested by the Beuk slope is noticeably different from what one would expect and is inconsistent with importance weight ratings. I also suggest two ways that the importance weights can be used to calculate alternate cut scores, and I show that one of the ways of calculating cut scores using the importance weights leads to larger potential differences in cut score estimates. I suggest that practitioners should consider collecting importance weights when the Beuk method is used for determining cut scores.     

基于体育课堂观测的小学生身体活动水平及教师教学行为分析

全球儿童青少年的肥胖发病率逐年增高,身体活动不足,每天参加足够量的身体活动是促进其身心健康发展的基本保障。我国儿童青少年面对繁重的学业和大量的家庭作业,课外体育活动参与的时间大大减少,体育课成为了唯一能促使学生参与中等到大强度身体活动的场所。通过SOFIT工具对上海市黄浦区5所小学的217节体育课的学生身体活动水平和教师教学行为进行了观测,分析发现:上海市小学生体育课中的身体活动水平偏低,能够达到50%以上时间进行中等到大强度身体活动(MVPA)的课时比率非常少。教师用于课堂管理和知识讲解的时间过多,且对促进学生进行MVPA的语言干预不够,这些均影响了学生的课内身体活动水平。建议除对学生的活动时间高度重视外,还应该重视学生课内身体活动强度;体育教师应做到“精讲多练”,推动学生积极的参与体育活动;注重开发优质的体育课程。     

高校潜水专业可持续发展影响因素研究——以岭南师范学院为例

在SWOT总体框架下运用德尔菲法和层次分析法等一些研究方法,去构建研究高校潜水可持续发展的体系,并确立其因素的权重。结果表明从SWOT分析方面去构建一级四个指标优势S、劣势W、机会O、威胁T,二级指标18个因素的体系是能够分析出哪个因素的权重更大,能给予一定的定量分析支持。其中一级指标的优势S是四个指标中最重要的一个因素,能给予决断层学术上的帮助。